gm§{O MVwa§J
dra a§J _| Vwa§J M{T>
gaOm {gdmOr
O§J OrVZ MbV h¡Ÿ&
^yfZ ^ZV ZmX
{~hX ZJmaZ Ho$
ZXr ZX _X
J¡~aZ Ho$ abV h¡ Ÿ&&
Eob \¡$b I¡b
^¡b IbH$ _| J¡b J¡b
JOZ H$s R>¡b
n¡b g¡b CgbV h¡ Ÿ&
Vmam gmo
Va{Z Yy[a Ymam _| bJV {O{^
Wmam na nmam
nmamdma `m| hbV h¡Ÿ&&1Ÿ&&
eãXmW© :-
gm§{O=gOdyZ ; {~hX=A_`m©X ; ZJmaZ=ZJmao ; J¡~aZ/J~aZ=_Îm; abV={_giV,
Eob=H$moëhmi, Jm|JmQ> ; \¡$b=\¡$bmdUo ; I¡b^¡b=Ii~i ; IbH$=Xw{Z`m,OJ
;J¡bJ¡b=J„moJ„r ; R>¡bn¡b=R>mogUo,Y¸$m XoUo,R>mogyZ Q>mH$bobm nm` ;
Yy[a=Yyi ;Wmam=Wmir ; nmamdma=g_wÐ ; gaOm=qgh,eya.
eya {edmOr g¡Ý`mgh bT>mB©bm {ZKmë`mdaÀ`m XoImì`mM§ ho ^yfUmZo
Ho$bob§ dU©Z Amho. eya {edmOr MVwa§J g¡Ý`(hÎmr, KmoS>o, aW, nm`Xi)
V`ma H$ê$Z dramo{MV CËgmhmZo KmoS>çmda ~gyZ `wÜX qOH$Ê`mH$aVm {ZKmbo
AmhoV. ZJmè`mMo ^`§H$a ZmX C_Q>V AmhoV Am{U CÝ_Îm hÎmtÀ`m J§S>ñWimVyZ
{ZKUmam _X ZXrÀ`m àdmhmV {_giVmo Amho. g¡Ý`mÀ`m Ii~irZo OJ^a (gd©Ì) J„moJ„rV
H$moëhmi _mObm Amho. hÎmtÀ`m EH$_oH$m§da aobÊ`m_wio S>m|Ja CbWyZ nS>VmV
H$s H$m` Ag§ dmQ>V§ Amho/hÎmtZr R>mogyZ Q>mH$boë`m nmdbm§_wio nmUr
CgiV§ Amho.g¡Ý` Am{U hÎmtÀ`m Ii~irV CS>mboë`m YyirZo AmH$me BVH§$ ^ê$Z
Job§ Amho H$s gy`© XoIrb EImÚm VmaHo$à_mUo {XgV Amho Am{U g_wÐ Va VmQ>m_Ü`o
R>odboë`m nmè`mgmaIm AmÝXmobZ nmdV Amho. VmQ>mV R>odbobm nmam - øm
g¡Ý`mÀ`m hmbMmbt_wio - g_wÐmÀ`m nmÊ`mgmaIm CgiV Amho.
~mZo \$hamZo
KhamZo K§R>m JOZ Ho$
Zmht R>hamZo
amd amZo Xog Xog HoŸ&$
ZJ ^hamZo
J«m_ ZJa namZo
gw{Z ~mOV {ZgmZo
{gdamO Oy Zaog HoŸ&&$
hm{WZHo$
hm¡Xm CH$gmZo, Hw§$^ Hw§$OaHo$
^m¡Z H$mo ^OmZo
A{b, Ny>Q>o bQ> Ho$g HoŸ&$
Xb Ho$ XamaZ
Zo H$_R> H$amao \w$Q>o
Ho$am Ho$go
nmV {~hamZo \$Z gog HoŸ&&$2Ÿ&&
eãXmW© :-
~mZo=P|S>o ; \$hamZm=\$S>H$Uo ; KhamZm=JO©Uo ; JOZ='JO'Mo AZoH$dMZ
; R>hamZm = Wm§~Uo ; ZJ=S>m|Ja ; ^hamZm=S>i_iUo,H$mogiUo ; namZm=niUo
; {ZgmZm=S>§H$m,ZJmam ; Oy=Or(AmXamWu ~hÿdMZ) ; hm¡X=A§~mar ; CH$gmZo=g¡b
Pmbo ; Hw§$^=J§S>ñWi ; ^m¡Z=^dZ ; ^OmZm=niUo ; A{b=^w§Jo ; bQ>=doUr ;
H$_R>=H$mgd ; H$amao=H${R>U ; Ho$am=Ho$ir ; {~hamZm=\$mQ>Uo.
{edam`m§Mo g¡Ý` bT>mB©bm {ZKmë`mZ§Va {R>H${R>H$mUÀ`m bmoH$m§Mr CS>mbobr
ÌoYm BWo d{U©br Amho. \$S>H$Umao P|S>o Am{U hÎmtÀ`m JimVë`m K§Q>m§Mo
ZmX(JO©Zm) EoHy$Z {R>H${R>H$mUMo bhmZ _moR>o amOo Amnmnbr ñWmZo gmoSy>Z
niy bmJbo. amOm§À`m S>§Š`m-ZJmè`m§Mo àM§S> ZmX EoHy$Z S>m|Ja S>i_im`bm-H$mogim`bm
bmJbo,Jmd§À`m Jmd§ Am{U eha§ niyZ Jobr(bmoH$ niyZ Jobo).
eÌy g¡Ý`mVë`m hÎmtdaÀ`m A§~mè`m g¡b Pmë`m,Ë`m§À`m J§S>ñWim^modVr
{\$aUmao ^w§Jo Kar nimbo Am{U eÌyÀ`m {ó`m§À`m doÊ`m {dñH$irV Pmë`m-gwQ>ë`m.
({edam`m§À`m)g¡Ý`mÀ`m Xamè`mZo (n¥Ïdr Amnë`m nmR>rda YmaU H$aUmè`m)
Hy$_m©Mr nmR>-Or AË`§V Q>UH$ AgVo-Vr \w$Q>br Am{U eofmMm \$Um Ho$irÀ`m
nmZmà_mUo \$mQ>bm.
ào{VZr {ngmMê$
{ZgmMa {ZgmM[ahÿ
{_{b {_{b
Amnwg _| JmdV ~YmB© h¡Ÿ&
^¡amo ^yV
àoV ^y[a ^yYa ^`§H$a go
OwËW OwËW
Omo{JZr O_m{V Ow[a AmB© h¡Ÿ&&
{H$b{H$ {H$b{H$
H¡$ Hw$Vyhb H$a{V H$mbr
{S>_ {S>_
S>_ê$ {XJ§~a ~OmB© h¡Ÿ&
{gdm nyN>¢ {gd
gm| 'g_mOw AmOw H$hm± Mbr'
H$mhÿ n¡ {gdm
Zaog ^«Hw$Q>r MT>mB© h¡Ÿ&&3Ÿ&&
eãXmW© :-
{ZgmMa-[a=amjg,amjgr ; hÿ=et ; {_{b {_{b=^oQy>Z ; ^¡amo=^¡ad ; ^y[a=nwîH$i
;^yYa=nd©V ; OwËW=Pw§S>r ; O_mVr= Q>moir ; Ow[a AmB©={_iyZ Amë`m ; {H$b{H$=
Üd{Z{deof ; H¡$=H$ê$Z.
EH$ H$mën{ZH$ dU©Z :-
àoVo,{nemƒo,amjg-amjgr O_yZ AmnmngmV AmZ§XmZo JmV AmhoV. nd©VmgmaIo
àM§S> nwîH$igo ^oad,^wV§,àoV§ `m§À`m Pw§S>rÀ`m Pw§S>r O_m`bm bmJë`m.
H$mbr_mVm {H$b{H$b H$aV Amho. Am{U e§H$a ^JdmZ AmZ§XmV S>_ê$ dmOdV
AmhoV.
(Am{U ho gJi§ ~KyZ) nmd©Vr _hmXodmg {dMmaVo Amho- "{edJU H$moR>o {ZKmbo
AmhoV? H$moUmda {edmOramOo AmO H¥$Õ Pmbo AmhoV?"
~Ôb Z hmoqh
Xb XpÀN>Z K_§S> _m{h
KQ>mOw Z
hmoqh Xb {gdm{O h§H$mar HoŸ&$
Xm{_Zr X_§H$
Zm{h Iwbo I½J draZ Ho$
drg {ga N>mn
bIw VrOm Agdmar HoŸ&&$
Xo{I Xo{I _wJbm|
H$s ha _¢ ^dZ Ë`mJ¢
CP {H$ CP
{H$ CR>¢ ~hV ~`mar HoŸ&$
{X„r _{V ^y{b
H$h¡ ~mV KZ Kmoa Kmoa
~mOV ZJmao
`o {gVmao JT>Ymar HoŸ&&$4Ÿ&&
eãXmW© :-
~Ôb=dmXi,_oK ; hmoqh=hmoV ; _m{h=_Ü`o ; KQ>m=T>J ; Ow=Or ; h§H$mar=Ah§H$mar,
A{^_mZr ; Xm{_Zr X_§H$={dOoMr M_H$ ; bIw=nmhÿZ ; VrOm=haVmi VrO (^mÐ.ew.V¥Vr`m)
; Agdmar=ñdmar ; ha _¢(Aa~r)={ó`m ; CP {H$ CP {H$=XMHy$Z ; ~`mar=dm`y,hdm
; {gVmam=gmVmam.
(^rVrZo ^«{_ï> Pmbobo {X„rdmgr nmdgmù`mV Am^mimH$S>o ~KyZ åhUVmV)
* ho T>J ZìhoV*/*ho dmXi Zmhr*,ho (Amnë`m eyaËdmMr) K_|S> Agbob§
X{jUoVb§ g¡Ý` Amho. ho T>J ZmhrV Va Ë`m Ah§H$mar-A{^_mZr {edmOrM§ g¡Ý`
Amho. M_H$Umar drO?N>o N>o,Ë`m dram§Zr IS²J§M Cngbr AmhoV. (VrOoMm M§Ð
nmhÿZ Vo åhUVmV H$s) hm M§Ð ZmhrM, Va dra {edmOrMm {eanoM Amho. ho
nmhÿZ _moJb {ó`m Amnmnbr Ka§ gmoSy>Z niy bmJë`m, Va {H$Ë`oH$ dmhUmè`m
dmè`mg {^D$Z XMHy$ bmJë`m AmhoV.
{X„r(åhUOo {X„rH$a) {XS²>._yT> hmoD$Z åhUVo Amho-H$s hm _oKm§Mm
JS>JS>mQ> Zmhr. ho gmVmam {H$ëë`mÀ`m A{YnVrMo ZJmao dmOVmhoV.
~m{O JOamO {gdamO
g¡Z gmOV hr
{X„r {XbJra
Xgm XraY XwIZ H$sŸ&
V{Z`m± Z {VbH$
gwW{Z`m± nJ{Z`m± Z
Km_| Kw_amVt
N>mo{S> go{O`m± gwIZ H$sŸ&&
^yfZ ^ZV n{V
~mh§ ~m{h`m± Z
VoD$ N>{h`m±
N>~rbr Vm{H$ a{h`m± ê$IZ H$sŸ&
~m{b`m± {~Wwa
{O{_ Am{b`m± Z{bZ na
bm{b`m± _{bZ
_wJbm{Z`m± _wIZ H$sŸ&&5Ÿ&&
eãXmW© :-
~m{O=KmoS>o ; gmOVhr=gO{dVmM ; {XbJra=CXmg ; V{Z`m±=A§JmV ; {VbH$=bm§~
gXam ; gwW{Z`m±={dOmar ; nJ{Z`m±=OmoS>o ; Km_|=CÝhmV ; Kw_amVr=niVmV ;
go{O`m±=eoO (AZoH$.d) ; ~mh§=^wOm ; ~{h`m±=dm{hboë`m,{dbJ Pmboë`m ;
ZoD$=Ë`mXoIrb ; N>{h`m±=N>m`m ; N>~rbr=gw§Xar ; Vm{H$ a{h`m±=emoYy
bmJë`m ; ê$IZ=d¥j(AZo.) {~Wwa={dgH$Q>bobo ; {O{_=Á`mà_mUo ; Am{b`m±=^«_ar(AZo.)
; bm{b`m±=gm¡X`©.
{edmOramOmZo hÎmr KmoS>o gOdVmM ({edam`m§M§ g¡Ý` g‚m hmoVmM) XrK©
åhUOo AË`§V Xw:Ir Agbobr {X„r {Zame Pmbr. _moJb {ó`m§Zm A§JmVrb
gXao,{dOmar,OmoS>o `mM§hr ^mZ am{hb§ Zmhr, Am{U gwIe¡æ`m§Mm Ë`mJ H$ê$Z
Ë`m CÝhm-VmÝhmV niy bmJë`m. nVtÀ`m ~mhÿnmemVyZ H$Yr AbJ Z hmoUmè`m Ë`m
d¥jm§À`m gmdë`m emoYy bmJë`m.
H$_imda {\$aUmè`m-Km|KmdUmè`m ^w§½`m§À`mà_mUo Ë`m§Mo gwQ>bobo Ho$g
Ë`m§À`m _wImdê$Z ê$iV hmoVo Am{U Ë`m§Mr gw§Xa _wI§ AJXr {ZñVoO Pmbr
hmoVr.