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Introduction
The spear is one of the earliest weapons used since the Stone Age. Early humans developed it to extend their reach while hunting and later for warfare.
Historical Background
Initially made by fixing sharp stones to wooden shafts, the spear evolved with metal discovery. It became a primary weapon in both hunting and warfare and was widely used by infantry, cavalry, and elephant units.
Technology
Long shaft thrusting and throwing weapon
Materials Used:
Wood, Stone, Iron, Steel
Wood, Stone, Iron, Steel
Weight:
Varies
Varies
Range / Capacity:
Close combat and throwing range
Close combat and throwing range
Firing Mechanism:
Manual thrusting / throwing
Manual thrusting / throwing
Usage in India
Extensively used by infantry, cavalry, and royal guards in Indian warfare
Related Battles
Ancient and medieval Indian wars
Advantages
Easy to use, long reach, effective in both close combat and at the start of battles
Limitations
Less effective once enemies come very close; requires space to maneuver
Notes
Types include infantry spear, cavalry spear, elephant spear, ceremonial spear, Vallabh, Sang, Barchi, Vint, and Karbal. Skilled spearmen were called “Bhalait”.